In the modern era, centralized finance structures currently allow governments and banks to restrict or thwart access to your own assets if they feel it is obligatory to do so. Additionally, online commerce is subjugated by financial institutions who

are deemed to be trusted third parties who process electronic transactions. A quote by Satoshi Nakamoto accurately illustrates the state of today’s finance; “while the system works… it still suffers from the inherent weaknesses of the trust-based model.” Accordingly, centralized finance has been looked at as a safer and more stable option to global finance processes. However, it is emerging that the centralized financial structure is not as stable as people once thought. Numerous newspaper articles are released daily regarding forgery, fraud attacks, and lending processes; which are at most times questionable.

One could imagine a global, open alternative to the financial services you use today, accessible with nothing more than

a smartphone and internet connection, whilst the financial provision you are accessing is not under the jurisdiction of one company or institution. This is one of the main concepts behind the decentralized finance (DeFi) model. Equus Protocol aims to work alongside the core concepts of decentralization and follow a completely decentralized vision, with the future, and decision- making of our protocol being directly controlled by the end- user. Therefore, the EQUUS token will be used to mine the Equus Governance Token which can be directly used by miners and holders to vote on, orchestrate, or propose the decision-making and roadmap plans of Equus Protocol.

It is clear that possibilities for the new wave of decentralized finance instruments are ceaseless, and so are the opportunities and potential outcomes for Equus Protocol. We aim to be at the forefront of the DeFi scene with an entirely decentralized project which can be driven by community decisions through the usage of our Equus Governance Token.

Equus Protocol

Mezzofy presents Coupon Chain and took a proactive role in the transformation of the coupon industry over the last 4 years. From being totally paper based, it is now very much a digital market. In spite of the efficiency brought by digital coupons, the underlying payment processes remain overly complex with middlemen adding unnecessary costs. While the digital coupons can bring a fresh user experience and widen consumer reach, billions of consumers are still confined to a passive role as in a B2C market. Mezzofy (Hong Kong) Limited (“Mezzofy”) has become one of the market leaders in Hong Kong and Asia and the Mezzofy Group now wishes to take a leadership role in delivering the efficiencies that blockchain unlocks, combining innovation in point of sale technology, coupon authentication techniques, the near ubiquitous use of social media and last, but by no means least, a considerably more fluid payments and settlements system. In so doing, it has the full support of a long list of high profile international brands.

To execute these changes, the Mezzofy Group is now embarking on a Token Generation Event (TGE), seeking to raise US$24 million. It is well positioned to deliver on these innovations. It has already issued more than 200,000,000 coupons and numbers such well-known brand names as Maxims Group, Starbucks and the Hong Kong Airport Authority among its existing client base. It plans to use the funds to significantly enhance the user experience in the B2C coupon market and to extend it into the still dormant B2B and C2C spheres.

Coupon Chain

Problem 1
It is too early to tell which protocols work well in governing DAOs and this puts the majority at significant risks of over- extending and/or under-extending their capabilities as a project.

Problem 2
Currently existing consensus protocols lack general participation from users. However, projects are limited with options as with the lack of comprehensive research and use cases of consensus protocols.

Problem 3
There is a general lack of research and experiments with DAOs.

Solution 1
Provide developers and users, a live incentivized sandbox environment, encouraging active participation on all ends to proactively proof-test and experiment consensus protocols on DAOs.

Solution 2
Provide community-led research programs on consensus protocols for projects to use as a reference point.

Solution 3
Provide easy-to-use-and-deploy tools for creating DAOs and Decentralized Consensus Protocols on the blockchain to scale adoption and accelerate the process of proof-testing various DCPs.

CoinBreeder DAO

Bitgear.io provides professional and simplified tools for trading, defi and digital assets, which are wrapped in an easy to use ecosystem.

We enable you to invest using a simple automated arbitration engine that will create optimal trading opportunities while passively investing and use different decentralized financial products.

Trading manually should be easy. Our simple to use 1-click- exchange can buy/sell cryptocurrencies at the best prices possible. Do you want to use professional tools while trading? Bitgear has a professional exchange with logics and algorithmic equations at your disposal.

Every part of Bitgear will be connected via a multi-purpose wallet that enables trading on an array of exchanges without having to register to any of them. Users do not need a technical background or know the ins and outs of arbitrational trading. Traders are also protected by Bitgears’ very own privacy layer “Cloak”. We are aiming to become the largest, most inclusive, digital asset ecosystem for everyday users and professionals alike.

Bitgear

Barter Trade is a digital user-focused trading platform that will bring cryptocurrency and various blockchain assets to global users through an efficiently designed and easy to use trading interface. This platform offers a number of uncomplicated trading features and solutions to create more value for customers than is currently being provided in the blockchain space. Besides useful trading features such as copy and margin trading, Barter Trade will allow traders to trade more time efficiently and to clearly define their risk using an advanced and new trading feature called PIE. Moreover, solutions such as our Desktop Trading Application, Hardware Wallet, EazyPay, DEX, and Decentralized Casino will also be included in the Barter Trade ecosystem.

Our product offering will continuously be expanded and upgraded based on the input we receive from our users and our own extensive market analysis. In addition, Barter Trade users will be able to purchase exclusive membership cards and unlock different premium features as well as avail discounts on trading fees by employing the BRT token. This neoteric approach in the cryptocurrency trading space is something that is not generally found in traditional exchanges, which we will focus on to improve.

Barter Trade

Our purpose is to build a comprehensive protocol matrix for open finance and value transfer protocol applications developed based on blockchain technology. The combination of digital assets and blockchain cutting-edge technology is expected to change the monopoly pattern of classical finance. As we all know, the operation of traditional finance is subject to the management of the administrative system, and these artificially divided worlds have also greatly prevented the effective circulation of value. The way of operation we believe in is to abandon the present and take a glance at the current world, the current high-cost, centralized, powerful and centralized financial world, her presentation includes but is not limited to financial activities such as credit creation, debit and credit, payment, securities underwriting, IPO, etc, which all must be executed by a trusted centralized third-party organization.

While in centralized finance, trust comes from authority and the authorization of centralized agencies. As the authority, the administrative agency controls the pricing power of assets. However, in different administrative regions, the circulation of value is more dependent on the relationship among regions. In terms of specific presentation, individuals must rely on their own labor to obtain equivalents recognized by the administrative agencies, i.e, assets, and these assets will change in value with the fluctuation of the administrative agency. From the perspective of liquidity, the circulation of assets must rely on the traditional financial channel, which lead to huge losses in it.

Since the creation of Bitcoin, the greatest achievement of digital currency or blockchain is the realization of value transmission on the network under the premise of minimizing trust. It eliminates the bottleneck of capital flow and allows currency and value to return to their origins——i.e value is information, and the instantaneous flow without friction can be achieved through Bit (the smallest unit of information).

The combination of the unlicensed and trust-free features of digital currency and blockchain technology, which gives it the opportunity to reshape the current financial and monetary system.

The birth of Ethereum has greatly expanded the capabilities of Bitcoin as a currency and settlement network. For the first time, we have witnessed the rise of an expanding and self-improving financial protocol network.The Ethereum network has become a hotbed that nurtures a new financial and monetary system with strong vitality. We can carry out activities such as token sale, stable currency, decentralized trading, currency market, lending market, insurance, forecasting, games, etc. within a global range without permission, trust-free, and non-friction, thus starting the new historical chapter for open finance.

In an open financial system, users always have control over their assets and do not need to rely on counter-parties (such as custodians or national sovereignty) to make financial decisions. The open financial system will promote faster and better innovation and iteration of financial protocols in order to provide better products and services to billions of people around the world.

Aquila Protocol

In 1991 W. Scott Stornetta and Stuart Haber published a document titled “How to Time-Stamp a Digital Document”. They were the first to think of linking blocks of data cryptographically, with a combination of timestamps and digital signatures. Or in more technical terms:

Our first solution begins by observing that the sequence of clients requesting time-stamps and the hashes they submit cannot be known in advance. So if we include bits from the previous sequence of client requests in the signed certificate, then we know that the time-stamp occurred after these requests. But the requirement of including bits from previous documents in the certificate also can be used to solve the problem of constraining the time in the other direction, because the time-stamping company cannot issue later certificates unless it has the current request in hand.

In other words, they invented the blockchain we know now. 17 years later, Satoshi Nakamoto released it’s Bitcoin whitepaper, which added digital currency to the blockchain-principle.

Blockchain Whitepaper Abstract
The prospect of a world in which all text, audio, picture, and video documents are in digital form on easily modifiable media raises the issue of how to certify when a document was created or last changed. The problem is to time-stamp the data, not the medium. We propose computationally practical procedures for digital time-stamping of such documents so that it is infeasible for a user either to back-date or to forward-date his document, even with the collusion of a time-stamping service. Our procedures maintain complete privacy of the documents themselves, and require no record-keeping by the time-stamping service.

Read the whitepaper here and check out the great articles below!

Blockchain Whitepaper

ADA Whitepaper

The Future of Cardano’s Blockchain

Cardano, a prominent player in the world of cryptocurrencies, has garnered attention and acclaim for its innovative approach to blockchain technology. At the heart of Cardano’s vision lies the ADA whitepaper, a comprehensive document outlining the principles, design, and objectives of the Cardano blockchain. In this blog post, we embark on an enlightening journey to explore the key insights from the ADA whitepaper, delving into its revolutionary proof-of-stake consensus mechanism, sustainability-focused approach, and its mission to bring financial inclusion to the unbanked populations worldwide. Join us as we unravel the intricate details of the ADA whitepaper and unlock the potential of Cardano’s blockchain for the future.

 

The Foundation of Cardano – Understanding the ADA Whitepaper

Introducing Cardano’s Ambitious Goals
The ADA whitepaper sets out to establish Cardano as a secure, scalable, and sustainable blockchain platform. With a strong focus on academic research and peer-reviewed development, Cardano aims to bridge the gap between the worlds of academia and blockchain, paving the way for evidence-based solutions and robust security.

 

Ouroboros – The Revolutionary Consensus Mechanism
At the core of Cardano’s blockchain lies Ouroboros, a groundbreaking proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus protocol introduced in the ADA whitepaper. Unlike traditional proof-of-work (PoW) systems, Ouroboros ensures greater energy efficiency and scalability by leveraging the collective stake of ADA holders to validate transactions and secure the network. This consensus mechanism forms the bedrock of Cardano’s sustainable and eco-friendly blockchain.

 

Cardano’s Three Pillars – Scalability, Interoperability, and Sustainability

Scalability – Preparing for Mass Adoption
Cardano’s commitment to scalability is evident in its layered architecture. The ADA whitepaper introduces a two-layer structure comprising the settlement layer and the computation layer. The settlement layer handles the transfer of value through ADA transactions, while the computation layer enables smart contracts and decentralized applications. This separation allows Cardano to scale efficiently without compromising security and decentralization.

 

Interoperability – Connecting Blockchains and Beyond
Interoperability is a key component of Cardano’s vision to foster collaboration between various blockchain platforms. The ADA whitepaper outlines strategies to create bridges and protocols that enable seamless communication between different blockchains, unlocking the potential for cross-chain interactions and data sharing.

 

Sustainability – Empowering Communities
Cardano’s sustainability-focused approach is driven by a treasury system introduced in the ADA whitepaper. A portion of transaction fees is reserved for community projects, research initiatives, and development enhancements, ensuring the long-term growth and stability of the Cardano ecosystem. This unique model empowers stakeholders and encourages active participation in the network’s governance.

 

Financial Inclusion – Cardano’s Global Mission
Subheading: ADA as a Gateway to Financial Services
The ADA whitepaper highlights Cardano’s mission to bring financial inclusion to the unbanked and underbanked populations across the globe. By providing a secure and accessible blockchain platform, Cardano envisions ADA as a gateway to a wide range of financial services, even in regions with limited banking infrastructure.

 

Pioneering Identity and Voting Solutions
Cardano’s ADA whitepaper introduces novel identity management and voting systems, aiming to empower individuals and communities with secure and verifiable digital identities. This innovation holds the potential to revolutionize the way identities are managed, thereby facilitating access to essential services and democratic processes.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the ADA whitepaper stands as a testament to Cardano’s commitment to innovation, sustainability, and financial inclusion. With its revolutionary proof-of-stake consensus mechanism, scalable architecture, and focus on global impact, Cardano aims to redefine the blockchain landscape. The principles outlined in the ADA whitepaper, such as Ouroboros, interoperability, and the treasury system, form the building blocks of a blockchain platform poised to empower communities and foster positive change worldwide. As Cardano continues to evolve, its ADA whitepaper remains a guiding beacon for the development of a blockchain ecosystem that champions security, scalability, and the democratization of financial services for all.

 

Read the ADA whitepaper PDF here:

cardano Whitepaper

Petro (PTR) has its origin in the idea of president Hugo Chavez of a strong currency backed by raw materials. Its background dates back to proposals for global financial and monetary coordination prior to the hegemony of the US dollar, which resurfaced after the financial crisis of the late 1990s.

The blockchain allows the transfer of value and information, without third parties, they provide the tools to successfully face the challenge of creating platforms and financial instruments that are transparent, efficient and inclusive.
Petro will be a sovereign crypto asset backed by oil assets and issued by the Venezuelan State as a spearhead for the development of an independent, transparent and open digital economy open to direct participation of citizens. It will also serve as a platform for the growth of a fairer financial system that contributes to develop- ment, autonomy and trade between emerging economies.

Venezuelan oil assets will be used to promote the adoption of crypto assets and technologies based on the country ́s block-chain. The State shall promote and encourage the use of Petro with a view to consolidating it as an investment option, savings mechanism and means of exchange with State services, industry, commerce, and citizens in general.

The Venezuelan population will have at their reach a technology that will allow them having a valuable reserve and robust means of payment to stimulate savings and contribute to the country’s development.

Petro will be an instrument for Venezuela’s economic stability and financial independence, coupled with an ambitious and global vision for the creation of a freer, more balanced and fairer international financial system.

Introduction

The adoption of blockchain technology in the global marketplace is not simply a temporary trend or fashion, but a firm and continuous shift towards a future in which the management of personal, institutional and potentially state finances will become easier, straightforward, quicker and more transparent.

Two of the applications of this technology, cryptocurrency and tokens, stand out in popularity. Such instruments are convenient for a global society because they allow greater efficiency, speed and freedom in all types of transactions, especially for international trade.
Its use has generated a universe of opportunities that have the potential to alter conventional business prac- tices, especially in industries based on intermediation for exchange or verification, such as finance, trade, manufacturing and even in areas of human knowledge that usually adopt technological innovations in longer terms, such as law and politics.

There is still a critical mass of cryptocurrency adoption among investors, entrepreneurs, consumers, institutions and even governments, as an alternative to value and information transfer: by early 2017, the number of crypto- currency assets users worldwide was estimated to be around three million 4. However, the explosive growth in supply, market capital and initial offers (ICOs) 5 6 are clear indicators of significant growth in the user base over the past year 7.

The development of the crypto asset ecosystem is based on the revolutionary idea of technological substitution of trust. The work model on which they are based emerged as an ingenious mechanism that combines networks, computing power and incentives for collaborative work to ensure the integrity of information, long with traceability and transparency in exchanges. Additionally, since it places the management of financial resources directly in people’s hands, it proposes a different approach to electronic finance security.
However, despite the inherent advantages of blockchains, so far there are only projects, ideas and aspirations to create cryptocurrencies with the backing of a sovereign state. With Petro, Venezuela aspires to become the global leader of an economic initiative that makes it possible to take advantage of the value of its natural resources in an innovative way by developing and promoting the adoption of a cryptocurrency in the country.

Petro is breaking in with a promising outlook, taking advantage of:
• The early maturity of blockchain technology
• A market of more than thirty million people eager for savings, investment and international
exchange instruments
• A world-renowned oil industry
• The participation of allied governments
• Enthusiastic promoters of cryptocurrency for the development of a new worldwide economy

Petro will have the capacity to overcome blockages, delays and limitations of the traditional financial system, favoring the growth of a new economic ecosystem based on trust, integrity, transparency, efficiency and speed that guarantees the technology of blockchains.
The objective of this document is to describe the technical foundations of Petro’s development as an instrument for exchange, savings, investment and technological platform. The following will establish the historical-social and economic bases that inspire the development of the instrument, the structure of the global and national market in which it will be used, the issue method and policies that will consolidate its use are set out below.

Petro PetroDollar XPD whitepaper