Category: Recently Added Whitepapers

Abstract

Metal is a blockchain-based system utilizing Proof-of-Processed-Payments to identify users, rewarding them for converting legacy fiat currency into cryptocurrency. It is a system similar to bitcoin but with a user-friendly interface and front-end that is similar to Venmo, Square or PayPal. Metal can act as a bridge to bitcoin or any cryptocurrency available. Many small businesses across the world prefer to only accept cash. However, in an increasingly cashless society, refusing to accept digital and card payments can be problematic. Put simply, Metal believes cash only businesses can benefit by adopting cryptocurrency as a new new form of cash, as cryptocurrencies possess many of the same properties particularly around privacy, censorship resistance and fungibility. In order to bring digital payments into a world that utilizes blockchain-based technology over some traditional banking rails, Metal expects to save consumers 4-5% on all purchases.

Abstract. We present a “best of all worlds” cryptocurrency targeting the existing mining community whilst offering practical, everyday features to benefit miners and users alike. Features are cherry-picked from existing currencies and implemented with optimised parameters to provide a cheap, fast and stable, general-use blockchain. The IFO model is used to realise initial monetary distribution, using a popular, mature and well-maintained currency to provide the donor ledger, in order to encourage user uptake and provide for liquidity in the marketplace. Some best practices regarding the IFO model are considered and explored.

Keywords. electronic currencies, cryptocurrency, blockchain, peer-to-peer, IFO

Genaro Network is a global blockchain ecosystem development project based in Singapore.

Genaro has pioneered the concept of Blockchain 3.0, a platform built around the first Turingcomplete public chain with an integrated decentralized storage network. Blockchain developers will have a one-stop solution to deploy advanced smart contracts and store data simultaneously.

The technological ecosystem will contribute to blockchain infrastructure development by establishing common standards for decentralized applications.

To support the growth of the ecosystem, Genaro Network will open and operate a series of realworld hubs, with an internal token-based economic model including an in-house accelerator program, in places such as Singapore, Shanghai, and the Greater Bay Area. This combination of blockchain storage infrastructure, decentralized application standards, and a global network of hubs and accelerators will enable the incubation of hundreds, and then thousands, of decentralized applications built on the Genaro Network, becoming the first app store of the blockchain.

Genaro is part of the revolution to move from “Cloud” to “Blockchain!” Genaro believes that only when a blockchain can access and analyze big data in the real world can decentralized applications be as useful as Internet applications.

This whitepaper introduces the Theta Network, a new blockchain and token as the incentive mechanism for a decentralized video streaming and delivery network.

The Theta Network and protocol solves various challenges the video streaming industry faces today. First, Theta Tokens are used as an incentive to encourage individual users to share their redundant computing and bandwidth resources as caching nodes for video streams. This improves the quality of stream delivery and solves the “last-mile” delivery problem, the main bottleneck for traditional stream delivery pipelines, especially for high resolution high bitrate 4k, 8k and next generation streams. Second, with sufficient amount of caching nodes, the majority of viewers will pull streams from peering caching nodes. This significantly reduces content delivery network (CDN) bandwidth costs, which is a major concern for video streaming sites. Lastly, the Theta Network greatly improves the streaming market efficiency by streamlining the video delivery process. For example, advertisers can target end viewers at a lower cost and reward influencers more transparently.

The Theta blockchain introduces novel concepts:
● Resource Oriented Micropayment Pool: ​We have designed and implemented an off-chain “Resource Oriented Micropayment Pool” that is purpose-built for video streaming. It allows a user to create an off-chain micropayment pool that any other user can withdraw from using off-chain transactions, and is double-spend resistant. It is much more flexible compared to off-chain payment channels.
● Proof-of-Engagement: The micropayment records can be used as

“Proof-of-Engagement (PoE)”. Each payment for the video segment is associated with the ID of the video (i.e. the resource ID) and can be used to track delivery of video segments to end viewers. With PoE, viewers can earn tokens as rewards from advertisers in exchange for their attention to video streams and by providing PoE. PoE is used to prove that viewers legitimately consume the video streams, providing better transparency and a basis for viewers to earn Theta Tokens for engaging with content.

This white paper will describe these concepts and the Theta blockchain in detail. The Theta Network launched with ERC20-compliant tokens and were integrated into the SLIVER.tv platform in December 2017. A new blockchain and native Theta Tokens is planned to launch in Q4 2018, at which time each ERC20 Theta Token can be 1:1 exchanged for a native Theta Token.

In the current blockchain world, the chain of built-in Turing Complete smart contracts is widely used, attracting a large number of application developers. However, due to the high cost of over-idealized World Computer concept, smart contracts limit their capabilities at design stage and do not fully exploit Turing Complete immense computational potential. As a result, developers are limited to write short programs and access only a very small amount of resources. While the proliferation of common smart contracts depends on the performance gains of new technologies, some extremely useful routines can be introduced ahead of time and can be applied with reasonable optimization and hardware support.

This article describes a new public chain, Cortex. By revising and extending the instruction set, Cortex adds AI algorithms support for smart contracts so that anyone can add AI to their smart contracts. At the same time, Cortex has proposed an incentive mechanism for collective collaboration that allows anyone to submit and optimize models in Cortex, and the contributors to the models can be rewarded. Just as what’s happening in some areas, thanks to Cortex’s openness and sharing features, Cortex is set to create many models that transcend human capabilities. At the same time, as a social experiment, we also look forward to the Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) being born on the Cortex.

The blockchain technology holds great promise in business applications. However, current generation blockchains suffer from low execution efficiency and low developer productivity. As a result, they are not widely adopted for common business transactions. In this paper, we present a new blockchain network protocol, called CyberMiles blockchain, that is specifically optimized for business contract transactions.

Our proposed solution is a protocol innovation that makes a stack of proven business middleware technologies accessible to a distributed virtual machine on the blockchain. The new blockchain would be highly performant and scalable supporting over 10,000 transactions per second. It will enable businesses to write Smart Business Contracts, which are distributed middleware applications that codify business rules and processes. The network’s native crypto currency, the CyberMiles Token (CMT), may be used to settle transactions, reward network validators (who execute Smart Business Contracts), and incentivize community members to provide services to each other.

A unique advantage of the CyberMiles blockchain is that it will be deployed to support 5miles’ existing e-commerce network of over 10 million US-based registered users, and over $3 billion USD in estimated annual transactions. This would immediately create the largest blockchain-based commerce network in the world. The network could provide services such as decentralized user identity and credit management, decentralized settlement clearing house, peerbased voting and conflicting resolution. Example applications on the network platform include decentralized personal information “wallets”, peer-to-peer small business loans, and peer dispute arbitration.

CUBE is a network securitycompanybased on Blockchain

At present, the automobile market of 1.7 trillion USD, has reached an important turning point. The rapid expansion of car connecvity has brought aenon to the significance of network security. Newly manufactured cars from 2020 will be produced with a built-in CDMA. Connected cars are expected to be under constant cyber-aacks, similar to the malicious aacks

towards network connected PCs. CUBE is preparing to embrace a pivotal role in the rapidly changing vehicle market.

ABOUT THE BLOCKNET
The Blocknet is infrastructure for the coming “inter-blockchain era,” an emerging technology epoch characterised primarily by the superseding of the current API ecosystem with a decentralized and intrinsically monetized “token ecosystem.” This will occur when its enabling technologies (specifically, smart contracts and “dapps”) mature to the point of possessing practical inter-blockchain interoperability. At the time of writing, the Blocknet is the technological leader in the provision of inter-chain infrastructure for use by dapps and smart contracts. We believe that the emergence of the inter-blockchain era will have disruptive implications for two sectors, that of software-as-a-service, and practical blockchain usability. From the perspective of software-as-a-service (SaaS), the token ecosystem embodies two fundamental advancements:
(a) the comparatively frictionless monetisation of digital services, and (b) the leveraging of the unique robustness,decentralization, and security properties of blockchain technology. From the perspective of blockchain technology, if blockchains are to achieve their true potential, then broad, generic
interoperability between blockchain services is required.

Without inter-chain interoperability, blockchain-based services will (a) either deliver services only within the confines of the limited customer base that runs its nodes, or sacrifice the unique security properties of blockchains in delivering to centralized entities, and (b) face enduring problems with chain bloat and, relatedly, the market-related pressure to build further features onto a single chain.

By creating an “internet of blockchains,” the Blocknet is positioned to enable the frictionless monetisation of APIs, and in doing so, to empower blockchain technology by converting its thousands of isolated chains into a token ecosystem.

1.1 Introduction
PayPie is creating the first decentralized accounting platform for businesses that will provide real-time insight into financial data to achieve 100% accuracy for a credit risk algorithm that can be used globally.

This analysis will be conducted using a single ledger approach and will consider businesses’ all-time historical financial data to safeguard and transform the way credit risk is assessed by lenders, investors, banks and other financial institutions while building a blockchain-backed accounting ecosystem.

PayPie is the first fintech to develop credit risk profile of a business based on an in-built algorithm to constantly adjust it on the Ethereum blockchain depending upon the changes in more than 150 data points. This paper gives an overview on how PayPie will enable live financial audits, ends duplicate tasks, speed up credit approvals and improve the overall credit scoring process by disrupting business accounting landscape.

1.2 Today – Isolated, Closed & Disconnected Systems

The double entry accounting system was invented more than 600 years ago with the purpose of minimizing errors in the books of a company with the introduction of debit and credit. It allows firms to keep records that reflect what the firm owns and owes and what the company has earned and spent over any given period.

However, accounting systems today are closed systems, and unethical practices from companies like Enron used accounting limitations to misrepresent earnings and change the balance sheet to show favorable performance. Today there is no connection between the books of one company with the other company they are buying or selling products or services to/from. It allows company A to cheat on the transactions that were happening with company B. This lack of transparency contributed to the largest bankruptcy in American history at that time and one of the biggest audit failure of our era.

The double entry system solved the problem of companies knowing whether they could trust their books.

However, to win the confidence of outsiders, independent public auditors also verify the company’s financial information (balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, etc.). The cost of an annual audit of a moderately sized company starts with the tens of thousands of dollars and can easily reach into six figures.

Banks now lack real-time financial insights of business, and their decisions are based on historical data that may be six months to a year old and those numbers do not reveal enough quality data to obtain an accurate appraisal of the company’s financial health. Traditional financial institutions turn down 72% of funding requests and other lending players take 2 to 7 business days for due diligence, and if approved, it takes 2-5 business days to get money in the bank. This is not an ideal situation, and if small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) must accept deferred payments, then these enterprises need new ways to get financing.

Information in an accounting solution used by a business is usually isolated and closed to the public, so it is not possible to prove the immutability of records, accuracy of the data without exposing all the business secrets. Balance Sheet and P/L tells only half of the old story about business. Blockchain handles anonymity and is capable of bringing reliability by bringing transparency by publishing relevant, valuable data, and this is going to power the forward-thinking companies in coming years

PayPie Website
PayPie Whitepaper

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